Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was Chief Henry Mandela of the Tembu Tribe.

At seven years of age, Rolihlahla Mandela became the first member of his family to attend a school, where he was given the name "Nelson", after the Admiral Horatio Nelson of the Royal Navy, by a Methodist teacher who found his native name difficult to pronounce

A young Nelson Mandela is pictured in this photograph, standing in the back row, fifth from the right.

In 1961, Mandela became the leader of the ANC's armed wing, Umkhonto We Sizwe (translated as Spear of the Nation, also abbreviated as MK), which he co-founded. He coordinated a sabotage campaign against military and government targets, and made plans for a possible guerrilla war if sabotage failed to end apartheid. Mandela also raised funds for MK abroad, and arranged for paramilitary training, visiting various African governments.

Nelson and Winnie Mandela show off their firstborn daughter, Zindzi, at their home in Orlando West, Soweto in 1961.

Nelson Mandela in prison in Pretoria in 1964, before being transferred to Robben Island
Mandela closed his statement with these words at the Rivonia Trial:
"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to the struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die."

Mandela fled into exile overseas as the political situation in South Africa worsened, returning from exile eventually, only to be arrested and to be sentenced to life imprisonment in what became known as the Rivonia Trial. He served 27 years in prison before his release in 1992, after which he was elected president of South Africa.

During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela's reputation grew steadily. He was widely accepted as the most significant black leader in South Africa and became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement gathered strength. He consistently refused to compromise his political position to obtain his freedom.

On 2 february 1990, State President F.W. de Klerk reversed the ban on the ANC and other anti-apartheid organisations, and announced that Mandela would shortly be released from prison. Mandela was released from Victor Verster Prison in Paarl on 11 February 1990. The event was broadcast live all over the world.

Mandela's cell.. the place where he completed his Bachelor of Law through The External Programme in The University of London.

The quarry Nelson Mandela worked at whilst in Prison

President George W. Bush greets former President Nelson Mandela of South Africa in the Oval Office Tuesday, May 17, 2005.

Nelson Mandela with Former Britain Prime Minister Tony Blair.

Nelson Mandela with Yasir Arafat.

On the day of his release, Mandela made a speech to the nation. He declared his commitment to peace and reconciliation with the country's white minority, but made it clear that the ANC's armed struggle was not yet over:
"Our resort to the armed struggle in 1960 with the formation of the military wing of the ANC purely defensive action against the violence of apartheid. The factors which necessitated the armed struggle still exist today. We have no option but to continue. We express the hope that a climate conducive to a negotiated settlement would be created soon, so that there may no longer be the need for the armed struggle."

Following his release from prison, Mandela returned to the leadership of the ANC and, between 1990 and 1994, led the party in the multi-party negotiations that led to the country's first multi-racial elections.

Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin.

A picture of Charlie Chaplin when he was a player in Fred Karno's vaudeville troupe, 1914.
Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin, better known as Charlie Chaplin, was an Academy Award-winning English Comedic Actor. Chaplin became one of the most famous actors as well as a notable director, composer and musician in the early to mid Hollywood Cinema era. He is considered to have been one of the finest mimes and clowns ever caught on film and has greatly influenced performers in this field.

Chaplin was born on 16th April 1889, in East Street, Walworth, London. His parents were both entertainers in the Music Hall tradition; they separated before Charlie was three. He learned singing from his parents.

Chaplin first toured America with the Fred Karno troupe from 1910 to 1912. Then, after five months back in England, he returned for a second tour and arrived in the United States with the Karno Troupe on October 2, 1912.

Charlie Chaplin debut!!!

Chaplin as a press reporter in Making a living-1914

The Tramp.

Chaplin's Expression about his costume "I had no idea what makeup to put on. I did not like my get-up as the press reporter [in Making a Living]. However on the way to the wardrobe I thought I would dress in baggy pants, big shoes, a cane and a derby hat. I wanted everything to be a contradiction: the pants baggy, the coat tight, the hat small and the shoes large. I was undecided whether to look old or young, but remembering Sennett had expected me to be a much older man, I added a small moustache, which I reasoned, would add age without hiding my expression.

I had no idea of the character. But the moment I was dressed, the clothes and the makeup made me feel the person he was. I began to know him, and by the time I walked on stage he was fully born."

Kid Auto Races in Venice (1914) - Chaplin's second film and the début of his "tramp" costume.

Arbuckle, Charlie Chaplin, sink in a boat in Echo Park

Charlie Chaplin as Adenoid Hynkel in his film The Great Dictator.The Great Dictator is much darker than most however. It certainly could not be described as a comedy but a film with a serious message that does contain some darker comic moments. The Great Dictator explores the rising Nazi threat of the late 1930's and early 1940's and the persecution of the Jewish community, Charlie Chaplin plays two roles; the dictator, Adenoid Hynkel the ruler of Tomania (a character based on Hitler) and the oppressed barber who gets mistaken for Hynkel which allows him to exploit the situation with some amusing moments, but the film also conveys its darker and more serious message which can be quite disturbing perhaps even rather frightening at times.

Modern Times is a glorious film that is probably as relevant today as it was in 1936. Although, as is usual, the Little Tramp did has no dialogue, but the film makes incredibly clever use of sound with its rather sophisticated sound effects. Modern Times explores the the dehumanization of labour starting with a very amusing scene inside the factory in which our hero is trying to tighten bolts on components as they pass him at some speed on the conveyor belt.

Charles Chaplin made The Gold Rush out of the most unlikely sources for comedy. The first idea came to him when he was viewing some stereoscope pictures of the 1896 Klondike gold rush, and was particularly struck by the image of an endless line of prospectors snaking up the Chilkoot Pass, the gateway to the gold fields.

Is he trying to imitate the dog's expression...
Charlie Chaplin in The Champion (1915)

Chaplin together with the American socialist Max Eastman in Hollywood 1919.

Chaplin never spoke more than cursorily about his filmmaking methods, claiming such a thing would be tantamount to a magician spoiling his own illusion. In fact, until he began making spoken dialogue films with The Great Dictator, Chaplin never shot from a completed script.

Gandhi meets with Charlie Chaplin at the home of Dr. Kaitial in Canning Town, London, September 22, 1931.

Chaplin and Jackie Coogan in The Kid.

The Legend's tool.

Chaplin's final two films were made in London. A King in New York(1957) in which he starred, wrote, directed and produced; and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967), starring Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando, in which Chaplin had made his final on-screen appearance in a brief cameo role as a seasick steward, and in which he directed, produced, and written.
When the first Oscars were awarded on May 16, 1929, the voting audit procedures that now exist had not yet been put into place, and the categories were still very fluid. Chaplin had originally been nominated for both Best Actor and Best Comedy Directing for his movie The Circus, but his name was withdrawn and the Academy decided to give him a special award "for versatility and genius in acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus" instead. The other film to receive a special award that year was The Jazz Singer.

Chaplin's second honorary award came forty-four years later in 1972, and was for "the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century". He came out of his exile to accept his award, and received the longest Standing Ovation in Academy Award history, lasting a full five minutes.
Chaplin's robust health began to slowly fail in the late 1960s, after the completion of his final film A Countess from Hong Kong. After receiving his Academy Award in 1972, Chaplin's health began to decline more rapidly. By 1977 he could no longer communicate and was confined to a wheelchair. He died in his sleep of natural causes, on Christmas Day, 1977, in Vevey, Switzerland, aged 88.

The Dino Guy - Steven Allan Spielberg.

Steven Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on December 18, 1947. "I use my childhood in all my pictures and all the time I go back there to find ideas and stories." Spielberg at seven.

For Steven Spielberg's first film's premiere, his father rented a local theater, and his mother and sisters sold popcorn and sodas. Spielberg's first commercial venture grossed $600, netting him a profit of $100.

Jaws is a 1975 thriller/ horror film directed by Steven Spielberg, based on Peter Benchly best-selling novel inspired by the Jersy Shore Shark attacks 1916.

Unable to get his 8mm films seen by Hollywood executives, 20-year-old Steven Spielberg convinced a friend to bankroll the $10,000 he needed to make the 35mm AMBLIN' (1969), the story of a boy and girl hitchhiking to the Pacific Ocean. It was his first collaboration with cinematographer Allen Daviau, with whom he would go on to make E.T. THE EXTRA-TERRESTRIAL, THE COLOR PURPLE, and EMPIRE OF THE SUN. With Daviau.

Steve found ET out of his innovations!!!
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 science fiction film, co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg, written by Mellisa Mathison and starring Henry Thomas, Robert Mac Naughton, Drew Barrymore, Dee Wallace and Peter Coyote.

Steven Spielberg with President Ronald Reagan and Nancy Reagan after a showing of E.T.

Letter from President Reagan to Steven Spielberg thanking him for showing
"E.T. The Extraterrestrial" at the White House.

Indiana Jones, an action and adventure series from spielberg.
Above picture portrays steve working over the sets of Indiana Jones and the Raiders of lost Ark in 1981.

A part of Indiana Jones crew.

Dr. Henry Walton Jones, Jr., better known as Indiana Jones or Indy, is a Fictional Adventure, professor of history and archeology, and the main Protagonist of the Indiana Jones Franchaise. George Lucas created the character in homage to the action heroes of 1930s Serial Films.

Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.

Jeffrey Katzenberg, Steven Spielberg and David Geffen together forming the Dream Team.
The Team is Dreamworks SKG, where SKG represents these three people.

Schindler's List is a 1993 Biographical film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Steven Zaillian, telling the story of oskar Schindler, a German businessman who saved the lives of more than one thousand Polish Jews during the Holocaust.

A Screamer from Steven Spielberg!!!!!
Spielberg gave birth to something which was found around 200 million years ago...!
Jurassic Park is a 1993 Science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg, based on the novel of he same name by Michael Crichton. The film centers on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, where scientists have created an amusement park of cloned Dinosaurs.

Directing a prehistoric creature which does not have life..

Steven Spilberg in the sets of Saving Private Ryan.
Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 war film, set during the D-Day invasion of Normandy during World War - II. It was directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. This film is particularly notable for the intensity of its opening 24 minutes, which depict the Omaha Beachhead assault of June 6th, 1944.

Munich is a 2005 semi-fictionalized film about the 1972 Munich massacre of Israeli Olympic athletes by Black September gunmen and of the Israeli government's secret retaliation. The film stars Eric Bana and was co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg. Spielberg's film Munich was his second film essaying Jewish relations in the world (the first being Schindler's List).

Spielberg is a winner of three Academy Awards. He has been nominated for six Academy Awards for the category of Best Director, winning two of them (Schindler's list and Saving Private Ryan), and seven of the films he directed were up for the Best Picture Oscar. where Schildler's list won the title. In 1987 he was awarded The Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award for his work as a creative producer.

In a career that spans almost four decades, Spielberg's films have touched many themes and genres. During the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, three of his films, Jaws, E.T. The Extra-terrestrial , and Jurassic park became the highest grossing films for their time. During his early years as a director, his sci-fi and adventure films were often seen as the archetype of modern Hollywood blockbuster filmmaking. In later years, his movies began addressing such historical issues as the Holocaust, Slavery, War and Terrorism.